共用题干
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma-
chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there,"
says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,
builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors
on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to
graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on
something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward,
backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different
types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own
snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as
sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.
Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the
doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be
very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and
sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the
idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motion
of my robots,"Choset says.
Choset's snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma-
chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there,"
says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,
builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors
on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to
graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on
something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward,
backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different
types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own
snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as
sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.
Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the
doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be
very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and
sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the
idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motion
of my robots,"Choset says.
Choset's snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
共用题干
Chimpanzees
1 Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）will soon be extinct（灭绝）.If the present rate of hunting and habitat（栖息地）destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy（悲剧）.Chimpan-zee extinction may also have profound implications（含意）for the survival of their distant relatives一human beings.
2 In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes（基因组）match by ovet 98%. Compare this to the mouse, used as model for human disease in lab tests,which shares only 60% of its DNA with us.In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically,chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools.These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority（优先）.But there is another,more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.
3 The chimpanzees' trump card（王牌）comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians（兽医）often refer to human medical text-books when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas.In parti-cular,chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases.It is this ability that is so interesting.
4 For example,chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV,the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed,their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has de-dlined because they are so resistant.
5 By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing（找到）the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans,scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This,they hope,will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration（改变）of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.
The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to______.
A: some human disease treatments
B: some diseases
C: human survival
D: human genomes
E: key areas
F: healthier lifestyle
Chimpanzees
1 Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）will soon be extinct（灭绝）.If the present rate of hunting and habitat（栖息地）destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy（悲剧）.Chimpan-zee extinction may also have profound implications（含意）for the survival of their distant relatives一human beings.
2 In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes（基因组）match by ovet 98%. Compare this to the mouse, used as model for human disease in lab tests,which shares only 60% of its DNA with us.In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically,chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools.These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority（优先）.But there is another,more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.
3 The chimpanzees' trump card（王牌）comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians（兽医）often refer to human medical text-books when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas.In parti-cular,chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases.It is this ability that is so interesting.
4 For example,chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV,the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed,their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has de-dlined because they are so resistant.
5 By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing（找到）the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans,scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This,they hope,will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration（改变）of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.
The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to______.
A: some human disease treatments
B: some diseases
C: human survival
D: human genomes
E: key areas
F: healthier lifestyle
共用题干
Migrant（移民的）Workers
In the past twenty years,there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move
from one country to another. While some countries have restricted（限制）most
___________(1)to local people,others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.
This is particularly the case in the Middle East,___________(2)increased oil incomes
have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities（设施）.Thus the
Middle East has attracted oil-workers___________(3)the U. S.
A. and Europe.It has
also brought in workers from many other countries,___________(4)South Korea and
Japan.
In view of the difficul州lying and working___________(5)in the Middle East,it is not
surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians
can___________(6)at least twice as much money the Middle East as they can in their
own country, and this is a major ___________(7).
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating(补偿的) advantage.For example,
the___________(8)living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have
to___________(9)on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way,many migrant
workers can save large sums of money partly because of the___________(10)of
entertainment（娱乐）facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this
merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems
rather than do___________(11)work in their home country.
One major problem which___________(12)migrant workers in the Middle East is that
their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on___________(13),so it is not
easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be___________(14)since
no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents.In any
___________ (15),migrant workers accept this disadvantage,along with others,
because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
_________(10)
A:range
B:lack
C:price
D:number
Migrant（移民的）Workers
In the past twenty years,there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move
from one country to another. While some countries have restricted（限制）most
___________(1)to local people,others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.
This is particularly the case in the Middle East,___________(2)increased oil incomes
have enabled many countries to call in outsiders to improve local facilities（设施）.Thus the
Middle East has attracted oil-workers___________(3)the U. S.
A. and Europe.It has
also brought in workers from many other countries,___________(4)South Korea and
Japan.
In view of the difficul州lying and working___________(5)in the Middle East,it is not
surprising that the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians
can___________(6)at least twice as much money the Middle East as they can in their
own country, and this is a major ___________(7).
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating(补偿的) advantage.For example,
the___________(8)living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have
to___________(9)on each other for safety and comfort. In a similar way,many migrant
workers can save large sums of money partly because of the___________(10)of
entertainment（娱乐）facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this
merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems
rather than do___________(11)work in their home country.
One major problem which___________(12)migrant workers in the Middle East is that
their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on___________(13),so it is not
easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be___________(14)since
no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents.In any
___________ (15),migrant workers accept this disadvantage,along with others,
because of the considerable financial benefits which they receive.
_________(10)
A:range
B:lack
C:price
D:number
I recognized him right away even though Richard disguised well.
A:at last
B:on time
C:gradually
D:at once
A:at last
B:on time
C:gradually
D:at once
共用题干
第三篇
Eye-tracker Lets You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance
Bored of using a mouse?Soon you'11 be able to change stuff on your computer screen-and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet（平板电脑）-with nothing more than a glance.
A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen.Gazing at an object-a photo,say-and then pressing a key,selects that object.It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device,as long as the two are connected wirelessly.
"The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to
acquire,"says Jayson Turner,who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University,UK.Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or tablet for sharing photos.
A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the"Midas touch"（点石成金）effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner."Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at,"he says.
Christian Holz,a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale,California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact."EyeDrop solves this in a slick（灵巧的）way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism,"he says."This now allows users to seamlessly（无缝地）interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner."
While current eye-trackers are rather bulky,mainstream consumer devices are not too far away.Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year.And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.
Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen.The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden,last week.
Why is a button needed?
A:To minimize the cost of EyeDrop.
B:To choose as many objects as possible.
C:To make EyeDrop different from others.
D:To select what we want.
第三篇
Eye-tracker Lets You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance
Bored of using a mouse?Soon you'11 be able to change stuff on your computer screen-and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet（平板电脑）-with nothing more than a glance.
A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen.Gazing at an object-a photo,say-and then pressing a key,selects that object.It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device,as long as the two are connected wirelessly.
"The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to
acquire,"says Jayson Turner,who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University,UK.Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or tablet for sharing photos.
A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the"Midas touch"（点石成金）effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner."Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at,"he says.
Christian Holz,a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale,California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact."EyeDrop solves this in a slick（灵巧的）way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism,"he says."This now allows users to seamlessly（无缝地）interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner."
While current eye-trackers are rather bulky,mainstream consumer devices are not too far away.Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year.And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.
Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen.The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden,last week.
Why is a button needed?
A:To minimize the cost of EyeDrop.
B:To choose as many objects as possible.
C:To make EyeDrop different from others.
D:To select what we want.
共用题干
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling re-freshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea” for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cau-tioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep ques-tionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.
Paragraph 4______
A: Kripke's Research
B: Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep
C: Criticism on Kripke's Report
D: A way of Overcoming Insomnia
E: Sleep Problems of Long and Short Sleepers
F: Classification of Sleep Problems
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known,new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep,as well as a number of other sleep problems,than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling re-freshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers.
3 These findings,which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine,demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea” for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed,but cau-tioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance,one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report,Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep ques-tionaires,in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night,arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep,and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.
6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more like-ly to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence,he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed,then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.
Paragraph 4______
A: Kripke's Research
B: Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep
C: Criticism on Kripke's Report
D: A way of Overcoming Insomnia
E: Sleep Problems of Long and Short Sleepers
F: Classification of Sleep Problems
共用题干
The iPad
1 The iPad is a tablet computer（平板电脑）designed and developed by Apple. It is par-ticularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books,periodicals（期刊）,movies,music,and games,as well as web content. At about 1 .5 pounds(680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop comput-ers.Apple released the iPad in April 2010,and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.
2 The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification,it will only run pro-grams approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.
3 Like iPhone and iPod Touch,the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display一a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus（触控笔）.The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse（浏览）the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The devices is managed and synchronized（同步）by iTunes on a per-sonal computer via USB cable.
4 An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and in-teresting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personal-ize their email accounts.
5 While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business us-ers. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees.Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients,medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams,and manag-ers approving employee requests.A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in work-places is linked to the goals of increased employees productivity,reduced paperwork,and in-creased revenue.
iPad applications enable the owner's email accounts to be_______.
A: modified
B: increased
C: personalized
D: browsed
E: distributed
F: released
The iPad
1 The iPad is a tablet computer（平板电脑）designed and developed by Apple. It is par-ticularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books,periodicals（期刊）,movies,music,and games,as well as web content. At about 1 .5 pounds(680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop comput-ers.Apple released the iPad in April 2010,and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.
2 The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification,it will only run pro-grams approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.
3 Like iPhone and iPod Touch,the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display一a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus（触控笔）.The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse（浏览）the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The devices is managed and synchronized（同步）by iTunes on a per-sonal computer via USB cable.
4 An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and in-teresting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personal-ize their email accounts.
5 While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business us-ers. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees.Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients,medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams,and manag-ers approving employee requests.A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in work-places is linked to the goals of increased employees productivity,reduced paperwork,and in-creased revenue.
iPad applications enable the owner's email accounts to be_______.
A: modified
B: increased
C: personalized
D: browsed
E: distributed
F: released
Five minutes left,the outcome of the match was still in doubt.
A:result
B:judgment
C:decision
D:event
A:result
B:judgment
C:decision
D:event
_____
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
Marsha confessed that she knew nothing about computer.
A:hoped
B:admitted
C:reported
D:answered
A:hoped
B:admitted
C:reported
D:answered
Our holiday plans are still rather vague.
A:distinct
B:definite
C:vivid
D:obscure
A:distinct
B:definite
C:vivid
D:obscure
共用题干
第一篇
Walking to Exercise the Brain
Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again.Getting some exer-
cise may help,too.
New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if
they didn't exercise.
Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks of
working out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't.
Their brain cells also make more connections.
Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if
the same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after
each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer
keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.
Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate as
their less-fit peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their
brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.
In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course were
faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for
the same amount of time.
So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news
for the elderly.
The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet. Still,it can't hurt to
take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to
read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!
The first study on 41 elderly people found______________.
A:the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster
B:the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster
C:the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers
D:the fitter participants gave more accurate answers
第一篇
Walking to Exercise the Brain
Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again.Getting some exer-
cise may help,too.
New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if
they didn't exercise.
Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks of
working out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't.
Their brain cells also make more connections.
Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if
the same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after
each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer
keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.
Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate as
their less-fit peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their
brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.
In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course were
faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for
the same amount of time.
So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news
for the elderly.
The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet. Still,it can't hurt to
take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to
read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!
The first study on 41 elderly people found______________.
A:the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster
B:the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster
C:the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers
D:the fitter participants gave more accurate answers
共用题干
Inflation
Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased spending that causes rapid rises in prices._______(51)
your money buys fewer goods so that you get_______(52)for the same amount of money as before,inflation is the problem. There is a general rise_______(53)the price of goods and services.Your money buys less.Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when"a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore".
Inflation is a problem for all consumers.People who live on a fixed income are hurt the _______(54).Retired people,for instance,cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to_______(55) their needs in time of inflation.Retirement income_______(56)any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices.Many retired people must cut their spending to_______(57)rising prices.In many cases they must stop_______(58)some necessary items,such as food and clothing. Even _______(59)working people whose incomes are going up,inflation can be a problem. The_______(60)of living goes up,too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more.When incomes do not keep _______(61)with rising prices,the standard of living goes down.People may be earning the same amount of money,but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes _______(62)the rate of change can be determined.A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a_______(63)year as the base.The base price is set at 100,and the other prices are reported as a_______(64)of the base price.A price index makes_______(65)possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods,for example,with prices of the same goods in previous years.
_________(57)
A:live up to
B:catch up on
C:put up with
D:keep up with
Inflation
Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased spending that causes rapid rises in prices._______(51)
your money buys fewer goods so that you get_______(52)for the same amount of money as before,inflation is the problem. There is a general rise_______(53)the price of goods and services.Your money buys less.Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when"a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore".
Inflation is a problem for all consumers.People who live on a fixed income are hurt the _______(54).Retired people,for instance,cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to_______(55) their needs in time of inflation.Retirement income_______(56)any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices.Many retired people must cut their spending to_______(57)rising prices.In many cases they must stop_______(58)some necessary items,such as food and clothing. Even _______(59)working people whose incomes are going up,inflation can be a problem. The_______(60)of living goes up,too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more.When incomes do not keep _______(61)with rising prices,the standard of living goes down.People may be earning the same amount of money,but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes _______(62)the rate of change can be determined.A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a_______(63)year as the base.The base price is set at 100,and the other prices are reported as a_______(64)of the base price.A price index makes_______(65)possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods,for example,with prices of the same goods in previous years.
_________(57)
A:live up to
B:catch up on
C:put up with
D:keep up with
共用题干
Giant Structures
It is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more______(1)constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration______(2)they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.
The Petronas Twin Towers
The Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999.______(3)a height of 452 metres,the tall twin towers,like two thin pencils,dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor,the towers are______(4)by a bridge,symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.
Constructed of high-strength concrete,the building______(5)around 1,800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base.Other______(6)of this impressive building include double-decker lifts,and glass and steel sunshades.
The Millau Bridge
The Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley,in southern France. At the ______(7)it was built,it was the world,5 highest bridge,______(8)over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to ________ (9) Millau's congestion（拥堵）problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to with-stand the______(10) extreme seismic（地震的）and climatic conditions. Besides , it is guar- anteed for 120 years!
The Itaipu Dam
The Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world.
It______(11)of a series of dams across the River Parana,______(12)forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two______(13).The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay's and 25% Of Brazil's______(14)needs. In its construction,the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers.It is a______(15)amazing wonder of engineering.
6._________
A: features
B: types
C: tasks
D: roles
Giant Structures
It is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more______(1)constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration______(2)they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.
The Petronas Twin Towers
The Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999.______(3)a height of 452 metres,the tall twin towers,like two thin pencils,dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor,the towers are______(4)by a bridge,symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.
Constructed of high-strength concrete,the building______(5)around 1,800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base.Other______(6)of this impressive building include double-decker lifts,and glass and steel sunshades.
The Millau Bridge
The Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley,in southern France. At the ______(7)it was built,it was the world,5 highest bridge,______(8)over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to ________ (9) Millau's congestion（拥堵）problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to with-stand the______(10) extreme seismic（地震的）and climatic conditions. Besides , it is guar- anteed for 120 years!
The Itaipu Dam
The Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world.
It______(11)of a series of dams across the River Parana,______(12)forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two______(13).The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay's and 25% Of Brazil's______(14)needs. In its construction,the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers.It is a______(15)amazing wonder of engineering.
6._________
A: features
B: types
C: tasks
D: roles
共用题干
Look After Your Voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water.You can solve the problem by activating the saliva（唾液）in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing（切片）a big juicy lemon and sucking（吮吸）the juice.
Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted（稀释的）fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking.The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.if you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Look After Your Voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water.You can solve the problem by activating the saliva（唾液）in your mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or,press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing（切片）a big juicy lemon and sucking（吮吸）the juice.
Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted（稀释的）fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking.The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.if you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned