共用题干
第一篇
What's NASDAQ?
NASDAQ is a familiar but strange name for people.We often learn its news via different kinds of media,though quite a lot of people can not tell what exactly it means.
NASDAQ,short for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system,is one of the largest market in the world for stocks trading. The number of companies in NASDAQ is more than that of the other stock exchange in America,including the New York Stock Exchange(NYSE)and the American Stock Exchange(AMEX).
Most of the companies listed on NASDAQ are smaller than most of those on the NYSE and AMEX.NASDAQ has become recognized as the home of new technology companies,especially computer and computer-related businesses.Trading on NASDAQ is initiated by stock brokers acting on behalf of their clients.The brokers negotiate with market makers who concentrate on trading specific stocks to reach a price for the stock.
Different from other stock exchange,NASDAQ has no central location where trading takes place.Instead,its market makers can be found all over the country and make trades by telephone and via the Internet. Since brokers and market makers trade stocks directly instead of on the floor of a stock exchange,NASDAQ is called an over-the-counter market. The term over-the-counter refers to the direct nature of the trading,as in a store where goods are handed over a counter.
Since its foundation in 1971,the NASDAQ Stock Market has been the innovator. As the world's first electronic stock market,NASDAQ long ago set a precedent for technological trading innovation that is unrivaled.Now poised to become the world's first truly global market,the NASDAQ Stock Market is the market of choice for business industry leaders worldwide.By providing an efficient environment for raising capital NASDAQ has helped thousands of companies achieve their desired growth and successfully make the leap into public ownership.
Which of the following is stated to be true?
A:NASDAQ came into being in 1972.
B:NASDAQ has been ready to become the world's first truly electronic global stock market.
C:New York Stock Exchange is called an over-the-counter market.
D:AMEX is the market of choice for business industry leaders worldwide.
第一篇
What's NASDAQ?
NASDAQ is a familiar but strange name for people.We often learn its news via different kinds of media,though quite a lot of people can not tell what exactly it means.
NASDAQ,short for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system,is one of the largest market in the world for stocks trading. The number of companies in NASDAQ is more than that of the other stock exchange in America,including the New York Stock Exchange(NYSE)and the American Stock Exchange(AMEX).
Most of the companies listed on NASDAQ are smaller than most of those on the NYSE and AMEX.NASDAQ has become recognized as the home of new technology companies,especially computer and computer-related businesses.Trading on NASDAQ is initiated by stock brokers acting on behalf of their clients.The brokers negotiate with market makers who concentrate on trading specific stocks to reach a price for the stock.
Different from other stock exchange,NASDAQ has no central location where trading takes place.Instead,its market makers can be found all over the country and make trades by telephone and via the Internet. Since brokers and market makers trade stocks directly instead of on the floor of a stock exchange,NASDAQ is called an over-the-counter market. The term over-the-counter refers to the direct nature of the trading,as in a store where goods are handed over a counter.
Since its foundation in 1971,the NASDAQ Stock Market has been the innovator. As the world's first electronic stock market,NASDAQ long ago set a precedent for technological trading innovation that is unrivaled.Now poised to become the world's first truly global market,the NASDAQ Stock Market is the market of choice for business industry leaders worldwide.By providing an efficient environment for raising capital NASDAQ has helped thousands of companies achieve their desired growth and successfully make the leap into public ownership.
Which of the following is stated to be true?
A:NASDAQ came into being in 1972.
B:NASDAQ has been ready to become the world's first truly electronic global stock market.
C:New York Stock Exchange is called an over-the-counter market.
D:AMEX is the market of choice for business industry leaders worldwide.
It was obvious that she was not going home.
A:evident
B:necessary
C:possible
D:probable
A:evident
B:necessary
C:possible
D:probable
共用题干
Free Statins with Fast Food could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of1so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food,researchers at Imperial College London 2in a new study.
Statins reduce the3of unhealthy“LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person's heart attack4.
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is5to offset the increase in heart attack risk from6a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.
Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London,who is the senior author of the study,said:“Statins don't cut out all of the7effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked out that in terms of your8of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same9 as a fast food meal increases it.”“It's ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condi-ments in fast food outlets as they10,but statins,which are beneficial to heart health,have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are 11 free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per/u>12一not much different to a sachet of sugar.”Dr Francis said.
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking,they're encouraged to take13that lower their risk,like14a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.
Taking a statin is a rational way of15some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
13._________
A: measures
B: care
C: advantages
D: turns
Free Statins with Fast Food could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of1so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food,researchers at Imperial College London 2in a new study.
Statins reduce the3of unhealthy“LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person's heart attack4.
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is5to offset the increase in heart attack risk from6a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.
Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London,who is the senior author of the study,said:“Statins don't cut out all of the7effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked out that in terms of your8of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same9 as a fast food meal increases it.”“It's ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condi-ments in fast food outlets as they10,but statins,which are beneficial to heart health,have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are 11 free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per/u>12一not much different to a sachet of sugar.”Dr Francis said.
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking,they're encouraged to take13that lower their risk,like14a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.
Taking a statin is a rational way of15some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
13._________
A: measures
B: care
C: advantages
D: turns
共用题干
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so-
ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5
fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of
changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the
world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among
those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi-
dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term
____________ (56).
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater
_____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro-
longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58)
paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in
an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing
widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking
water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in
poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and
basic services.
Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately,
they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't
impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em-
phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap-
proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent
the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
_________(58)
A:locally
B:heavily
C:suddenly
D:mildly
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so-
ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5
fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of
changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the
world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among
those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi-
dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term
____________ (56).
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater
_____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro-
longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58)
paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in
an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing
widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking
water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in
poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and
basic services.
Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately,
they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't
impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em-
phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap-
proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent
the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
_________(58)
A:locally
B:heavily
C:suddenly
D:mildly
共用题干
By the year 1927,Dr. Andrew Manson had a reputation.His practice of medicine was not large,but all his patients had the greatest confidence in him.He(51)______gave medicines, but when he did so,he gave the newest,best,and often the most(52)______medicines on the market.By his use of modern medicines,Manson once prevented a serious disease from(53)______in his town,although the rest of the town suffered badly.
The committee of the Medical Society ought to have been thankful to Manson,but a few of its members,led by Chenkin,were(54)______of his success.Though Manson had many friends, he also had(55)______.
Andrew sometimes asked himself why he and Christine had remained in Manchester after the death of their child.His coal dust experiments were his only(56)______for staying,he could not leave the mines till he had completed his experiments.
He now had a great deal of information about the(57)______of coal bust on the miners' lungs.But,in order to(58)______his facts,he decided to make a few experiments on small animals,to study the action of the dust on their lungs.Here,his real problem began.Taking care to cause the animals as little(59)______as possible;Andrew made some extremely(60) ______experiments,which proved all his beliefs.He felt proud and excited.But then,a few days later,he had a(61)______.
When Andrew returned home from work,he found Christine looking( 62)______."What's the matter?"he asked her. She hesitated,"I had some visitors today.""Oh?Who were they?""Five members of the committee,including Chenkin.They had heard about your experiments on the animals,and wanted to see your(63)_____.I told them that you were not at home,but they pushed me out and went into the room.When they saw the animals,one of the men shouted,"Oh, the poor creatures!"I tried to tell them that the animals had not suffered,but they(64)______to listen.They took the animals with them."
"What!"Andrew shouted.He thought for a minute,and then went into the hall to use the phone.But,just as he reached it,the phone bell rang."Hello!"he said angrily.Then his(65) ______changed.It was Owen."Look here,Owen.""I know,I know."Owen interrupted." This is a bad business.I'll come to see you now."Owen came.Before Andrew could speak,he said,"Did you get permission?"Andrew looked at him in surprise,"Permission for what?""To experiment on animals."
"Good Heavens,no!I never thought about it!""I'm afraid there will be trouble,"Owen said. "Some members of the committee feel very bitter against you.But don't worry,everything will be ok in the end."
_________(55)
A:relatives
B:families
C:enemies
D:partners
By the year 1927,Dr. Andrew Manson had a reputation.His practice of medicine was not large,but all his patients had the greatest confidence in him.He(51)______gave medicines, but when he did so,he gave the newest,best,and often the most(52)______medicines on the market.By his use of modern medicines,Manson once prevented a serious disease from(53)______in his town,although the rest of the town suffered badly.
The committee of the Medical Society ought to have been thankful to Manson,but a few of its members,led by Chenkin,were(54)______of his success.Though Manson had many friends, he also had(55)______.
Andrew sometimes asked himself why he and Christine had remained in Manchester after the death of their child.His coal dust experiments were his only(56)______for staying,he could not leave the mines till he had completed his experiments.
He now had a great deal of information about the(57)______of coal bust on the miners' lungs.But,in order to(58)______his facts,he decided to make a few experiments on small animals,to study the action of the dust on their lungs.Here,his real problem began.Taking care to cause the animals as little(59)______as possible;Andrew made some extremely(60) ______experiments,which proved all his beliefs.He felt proud and excited.But then,a few days later,he had a(61)______.
When Andrew returned home from work,he found Christine looking( 62)______."What's the matter?"he asked her. She hesitated,"I had some visitors today.""Oh?Who were they?""Five members of the committee,including Chenkin.They had heard about your experiments on the animals,and wanted to see your(63)_____.I told them that you were not at home,but they pushed me out and went into the room.When they saw the animals,one of the men shouted,"Oh, the poor creatures!"I tried to tell them that the animals had not suffered,but they(64)______to listen.They took the animals with them."
"What!"Andrew shouted.He thought for a minute,and then went into the hall to use the phone.But,just as he reached it,the phone bell rang."Hello!"he said angrily.Then his(65) ______changed.It was Owen."Look here,Owen.""I know,I know."Owen interrupted." This is a bad business.I'll come to see you now."Owen came.Before Andrew could speak,he said,"Did you get permission?"Andrew looked at him in surprise,"Permission for what?""To experiment on animals."
"Good Heavens,no!I never thought about it!""I'm afraid there will be trouble,"Owen said. "Some members of the committee feel very bitter against you.But don't worry,everything will be ok in the end."
_________(55)
A:relatives
B:families
C:enemies
D:partners
共用题干
Earth's Inner Core
Scientists have long struggled to understand what lies at the planet's center.Direct
observation of its center is impossible,so researchers must_________(1)to other evidence.
In 1889,a German scientist detected a severe earthquake in Japan.Geophysicists
concluded that shock waves_________(2) jolts（晃动）from one side of Earth through
the center to the other side.Then in 1936,Danish geophysicist lnge Lehmann studied the
waves' __________ (3) to determine that within Earth's core of molten（熔化了的）iron
lies a solid inner core一but_________(4) that core was made of eluded（难倒）her.
Other geophysicists quickly determined that Lehmann's inner core was composed mostly
_________(5) iron.Since then,Lehmann's discovery has _________(6)
conventional Earth science.
But now scientists are challenging traditional theory with new and radical_________
(7).For example,Earth's center could actually contain an"inner core within the inner
core."claim lshii and colleague Adam Dziewonski.
Analyzing hundreds of thousands of earthquake wave _________(8),they
maintain that the inner core has at its heart a tiny, even more solid sphere（球体）.This
sphere"may be the oldest fossil_________(9)from the formation of Earth,"says Dziewonski.
Dziewonski and Ishii speculate that shortly _________(10)Earth formed around
4.8 billion years ago,a giant asteroid（小行星）smashed into the young planet and nearly
melted it.But Earth's center didn't quite melt;it_________(11)mass as the planet
cooled. The core within a core may be the kernel（核心）that endured. " Its presence
could change our basic ideas about the_________(12)of the planet,"Dziewonski
says.
Dziewonski's idea is tame（温和的）compared to the_________( 13 ) theories of
independent geophysicist J. Marvin Herndon.Earth's inner core is made not of iron,he
claims,but a_________(14)of nickel and silicon.Herndon has a truly revolutionary
notion : Within the nickel silicide（硅化物）inner core is also an "inner" inner core一an
8km-wide ball of the element uranium.Uranium is radioactive.Herndon thinks the uranium
releases heat energy as its atoms_________(15)fission-split and crash into one
another in a chain reaction.In other words,we may live on top of a gigantic, "natural"
nuclear power plant.
_________(13)
A:radical
B:traditional
C:classical
D:conventional
Earth's Inner Core
Scientists have long struggled to understand what lies at the planet's center.Direct
observation of its center is impossible,so researchers must_________(1)to other evidence.
In 1889,a German scientist detected a severe earthquake in Japan.Geophysicists
concluded that shock waves_________(2) jolts（晃动）from one side of Earth through
the center to the other side.Then in 1936,Danish geophysicist lnge Lehmann studied the
waves' __________ (3) to determine that within Earth's core of molten（熔化了的）iron
lies a solid inner core一but_________(4) that core was made of eluded（难倒）her.
Other geophysicists quickly determined that Lehmann's inner core was composed mostly
_________(5) iron.Since then,Lehmann's discovery has _________(6)
conventional Earth science.
But now scientists are challenging traditional theory with new and radical_________
(7).For example,Earth's center could actually contain an"inner core within the inner
core."claim lshii and colleague Adam Dziewonski.
Analyzing hundreds of thousands of earthquake wave _________(8),they
maintain that the inner core has at its heart a tiny, even more solid sphere（球体）.This
sphere"may be the oldest fossil_________(9)from the formation of Earth,"says Dziewonski.
Dziewonski and Ishii speculate that shortly _________(10)Earth formed around
4.8 billion years ago,a giant asteroid（小行星）smashed into the young planet and nearly
melted it.But Earth's center didn't quite melt;it_________(11)mass as the planet
cooled. The core within a core may be the kernel（核心）that endured. " Its presence
could change our basic ideas about the_________(12)of the planet,"Dziewonski
says.
Dziewonski's idea is tame（温和的）compared to the_________( 13 ) theories of
independent geophysicist J. Marvin Herndon.Earth's inner core is made not of iron,he
claims,but a_________(14)of nickel and silicon.Herndon has a truly revolutionary
notion : Within the nickel silicide（硅化物）inner core is also an "inner" inner core一an
8km-wide ball of the element uranium.Uranium is radioactive.Herndon thinks the uranium
releases heat energy as its atoms_________(15)fission-split and crash into one
another in a chain reaction.In other words,we may live on top of a gigantic, "natural"
nuclear power plant.
_________(13)
A:radical
B:traditional
C:classical
D:conventional
It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.
A:right
B:unbelievable
C:obvious
D:unclear
A:right
B:unbelievable
C:obvious
D:unclear
共用题干
第一篇
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum provides around 40%of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.Coal is
still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient,un-
healthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel.Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap
from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust
easily accessible reserves within 50 years.We could fast reach an energy crisis.We need to rapidly develop
sustainable solutions to fuel our future.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical
long-term energy solution. They may benefit the world's poor too."Renewable"refers to the fact that these
resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
The Chinese and Romans used waterinills over 2, 000 years ago.But the first hydroelectric dam was built
in England in 1870.Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around
20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam,which has just been completed,is the largest ever. At
five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-
fired power stations.It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.Surprisingly,some argue that hy-
droelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway.
It is designed like windmill,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation一quadrupling
worldwide between 1999 and 2005.Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it
will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs. Wind
farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often un-
popular with residents.And turbines are not totally benign一they can interfere with radar and leave a signifi-
cant ecological footprint,altering climate and killing sea birds.Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding
them.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farms,which will power 200,000 homes.The UK's goal is
to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,
because wind is unreliable.
Which of the following statements is true of wind power?
A:Here is plenty of wind to provide the world'S entire energy needs.
B:It is the most rapidly growing type of electricity production.
C:It may not be reliable.
D:All of the above.
第一篇
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum provides around 40%of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.Coal is
still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs,but it is the least efficient,un-
healthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel.Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap
from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust
easily accessible reserves within 50 years.We could fast reach an energy crisis.We need to rapidly develop
sustainable solutions to fuel our future.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical
long-term energy solution. They may benefit the world's poor too."Renewable"refers to the fact that these
resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
The Chinese and Romans used waterinills over 2, 000 years ago.But the first hydroelectric dam was built
in England in 1870.Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy,supplying around
20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam,which has just been completed,is the largest ever. At
five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-
fired power stations.It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.Surprisingly,some argue that hy-
droelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened in Norway.
It is designed like windmill,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation一quadrupling
worldwide between 1999 and 2005.Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it
will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs. Wind
farms come in onshore and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often un-
popular with residents.And turbines are not totally benign一they can interfere with radar and leave a signifi-
cant ecological footprint,altering climate and killing sea birds.Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding
them.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farms,which will power 200,000 homes.The UK's goal is
to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,
because wind is unreliable.
Which of the following statements is true of wind power?
A:Here is plenty of wind to provide the world'S entire energy needs.
B:It is the most rapidly growing type of electricity production.
C:It may not be reliable.
D:All of the above.
共用题干
Early Ideas about the Universe
1 Early man got his ideas about the universe by looking at the stars as you do.He
observed carefully,and learned many things about the sun,the moon,and the stars.
2 Suppose you were asked to collect evidence about the sun as early man did.You might
go out morning after morning and see it come up in the east.Even on cloudy mornings,you
would observe that the darkness goes away and the world becomes light.You might not see
the sun but would be sure it is there,because you notice that the earth warms up.As you
continued,the sun climbs higher in the sky each day during part of the year. It stays in the
sky longer. The earth gets warmer. Things begin to grow. It is spring and then summer.
3 After a while the sun stays in the sky for shorter and shorter periods.Many plants begin
to die.Leaves fall.Winter comes.Year after year this is repeated and you cannot tell
exactly why it happens.But you realize that the sun seems to make the difference.
Primitive（原始的）man felt that since the sun was so powerful it must be a god. It may
seem silly to us now to worship（崇拜）a sun-god, but primitive man was right about the
importance of the sun to life on earth.
4 You have been told that the world is round.But suppose no one had ever taught you
that the world was like a huge ball.Would you have ever thought of it yourself?You cannot
see the curve（曲线）of the earth at once. You would have no idea of how big it was.
That's why early man believed that the earth was small and flat.Such ideas appeared from
the evidence they had.
5 If you watch the stars night after night,you will see them rise and set.As you look at
the sky,it is not difficult to imagine that you are in the center of a vast collection of twinkling
（闪烁）lights. Some early astronomers（天文学家）believed the sky was a crystal shell or
series of crystal shells,one inside the other. They believed this because that is what the
night sky looked like.For many centuries,men believed that the earth was the center of
the universe and that the sun,the moon,and the stars circled around it.
Early man thought the earth was the center of the universe because_________.
A:he did not observe the sun carefully enough
B:he could not see its curve
C:the sun,the moon and the stars seemed to move around it
D:the earth circles around the sun
E:it looked like that at night
F:it has power over life on earth
Early Ideas about the Universe
1 Early man got his ideas about the universe by looking at the stars as you do.He
observed carefully,and learned many things about the sun,the moon,and the stars.
2 Suppose you were asked to collect evidence about the sun as early man did.You might
go out morning after morning and see it come up in the east.Even on cloudy mornings,you
would observe that the darkness goes away and the world becomes light.You might not see
the sun but would be sure it is there,because you notice that the earth warms up.As you
continued,the sun climbs higher in the sky each day during part of the year. It stays in the
sky longer. The earth gets warmer. Things begin to grow. It is spring and then summer.
3 After a while the sun stays in the sky for shorter and shorter periods.Many plants begin
to die.Leaves fall.Winter comes.Year after year this is repeated and you cannot tell
exactly why it happens.But you realize that the sun seems to make the difference.
Primitive（原始的）man felt that since the sun was so powerful it must be a god. It may
seem silly to us now to worship（崇拜）a sun-god, but primitive man was right about the
importance of the sun to life on earth.
4 You have been told that the world is round.But suppose no one had ever taught you
that the world was like a huge ball.Would you have ever thought of it yourself?You cannot
see the curve（曲线）of the earth at once. You would have no idea of how big it was.
That's why early man believed that the earth was small and flat.Such ideas appeared from
the evidence they had.
5 If you watch the stars night after night,you will see them rise and set.As you look at
the sky,it is not difficult to imagine that you are in the center of a vast collection of twinkling
（闪烁）lights. Some early astronomers（天文学家）believed the sky was a crystal shell or
series of crystal shells,one inside the other. They believed this because that is what the
night sky looked like.For many centuries,men believed that the earth was the center of
the universe and that the sun,the moon,and the stars circled around it.
Early man thought the earth was the center of the universe because_________.
A:he did not observe the sun carefully enough
B:he could not see its curve
C:the sun,the moon and the stars seemed to move around it
D:the earth circles around the sun
E:it looked like that at night
F:it has power over life on earth
The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.
A:suffer
B:accept
C:receive
D:support
A:suffer
B:accept
C:receive
D:support
共用题干
The Great Newspaper War
Up until about 100 years ago,newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most se-rious readers.They used______(51)illustrations and the articles were about politics or busi- ness。
Two men changed that-Joseph Pulitzer______(52)The New York World and Randolph Hearst of The New York Journal.Pulitzer bought The New York World______(53)1883.He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very______(54)one overnight.He added
______(55)illustrations and cartoons.And he told his reporters to write articles on______(56)crime or scandal they could find. And they did.One of them even pretended she was crazy and then she______(57)to a mental hospital. She then wrote a series of articles about the poor treatment of______(58)in those hospitals.
In 1895,Hearst came to New York from______(59)California.He wanted The Journal to be more sensational and more exciting______(60)The World. He also wanted it to be.
______(61),so he reduced the price by a penny.Hearst attracted attention because his headlines were bigger than______(62).He often said,"Big print makes big news."
Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they______(63)to sell newspapers.For example,Hearst sent Frederic Remington,the famous illustrator,______(64)pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there,he told Hearst that no fighting was______(65).Hearst answered,"You furnish the pictures.I'll furnish the war."
56._________
A:. every
B: all
C: both
D: many
The Great Newspaper War
Up until about 100 years ago,newspapers in the United States appealed only to the most se-rious readers.They used______(51)illustrations and the articles were about politics or busi- ness。
Two men changed that-Joseph Pulitzer______(52)The New York World and Randolph Hearst of The New York Journal.Pulitzer bought The New York World______(53)1883.He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very______(54)one overnight.He added
______(55)illustrations and cartoons.And he told his reporters to write articles on______(56)crime or scandal they could find. And they did.One of them even pretended she was crazy and then she______(57)to a mental hospital. She then wrote a series of articles about the poor treatment of______(58)in those hospitals.
In 1895,Hearst came to New York from______(59)California.He wanted The Journal to be more sensational and more exciting______(60)The World. He also wanted it to be.
______(61),so he reduced the price by a penny.Hearst attracted attention because his headlines were bigger than______(62).He often said,"Big print makes big news."
Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they______(63)to sell newspapers.For example,Hearst sent Frederic Remington,the famous illustrator,______(64)pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there,he told Hearst that no fighting was______(65).Hearst answered,"You furnish the pictures.I'll furnish the war."
56._________
A:. every
B: all
C: both
D: many
共用题干
Free Statins with Fast Food could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of___1___so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food,researchers at Imperial College London ___2___in a new study.
Statins reduce the___3___of unhealthy“LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person's heart attack___4___.
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and col-leagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is___5___to offset the increase in heart attack risk from___6___a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.
Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London,who is the senior author of the study,said:“Statins don't cut out all of the ___7___effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked out that in terms of your___8___of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same___9___as a fast food meal increases it.”“It's ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they___10___，but statins,which are beneficial to heart health,have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing st- atins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are___ 11___free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per___12___—not much different to a sachet of sugar.”Dr Fran-cis said.
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking,they're encouraged to take___13___that lower their risk,like___14___a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.
Taking a statin is a rational way of___15___some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
2._________
A: trust
B: decide
C: suggest
D: calculate
Free Statins with Fast Food could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of___1___so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food,researchers at Imperial College London ___2___in a new study.
Statins reduce the___3___of unhealthy“LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person's heart attack___4___.
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and col-leagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is___5___to offset the increase in heart attack risk from___6___a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.
Dr Francis,from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London,who is the senior author of the study,said:“Statins don't cut out all of the ___7___effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked out that in terms of your___8___of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same___9___as a fast food meal increases it.”“It's ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they___10___，but statins,which are beneficial to heart health,have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing st- atins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are___ 11___free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per___12___—not much different to a sachet of sugar.”Dr Fran-cis said.
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking,they're encouraged to take___13___that lower their risk,like___14___a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.
Taking a statin is a rational way of___15___some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
2._________
A: trust
B: decide
C: suggest
D: calculate
共用题干
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.
What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?
A: Happy.
B: Surprised.
C: Angry.
D: Careless.
Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor
The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.
Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.
According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.
“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.
He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.
Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.
However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.
About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.
However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.
Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.
“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”
Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.
Other experts agreed with him.
“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”
His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.
The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.
What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?
A: Happy.
B: Surprised.
C: Angry.
D: Careless.
共用题干
Europa's Watery Underworld
Europa,one of Jupiter's 63 known moons,looks bright and icy on the surface.But appearances can be
deceiving:Miles within its cracked,frigid shell,Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where
scientists find liquid water,they hope to find life as well.
Since we can't go diving into Europa's depths just yet,scientists instead have to investigate the moon's
surface for clues to what lies beneath.In a new study,scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns
on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water
as the U.S.Great Lakes.
Pictures of Europa,which is slightly smaller than Earth's moon,clearly show a tangled,icy mishmash
of lines and cracks known as"chaos terrains".These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For
more than 10 years,scientists have wondered what causes the formations.The new study suggests that they
arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.
For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface,the news about
the new lake is exciting.
"It would be great if these lakes harbored life,"Britney Schmidt,a planetary scientist who worked on
the study,told Science News."But even if they didn't,they say that Europa is doing something interesting
and active right now."
Schmidt,a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin,and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos
terrains form.Since they couldn't rocket to Europa to see for themselves,they searched for similar forma-
tions here on Earth.They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland.
Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice.The scientists now suspect something
similar might be happening on Europa:that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift,the
surface fractures.This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.
"Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on
Earth,"Schmidt told Science News.She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains
to form quickly on Europa.
The new study suggests that on this moon,elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the
deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.
The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support environment.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Europa's Watery Underworld
Europa,one of Jupiter's 63 known moons,looks bright and icy on the surface.But appearances can be
deceiving:Miles within its cracked,frigid shell,Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where
scientists find liquid water,they hope to find life as well.
Since we can't go diving into Europa's depths just yet,scientists instead have to investigate the moon's
surface for clues to what lies beneath.In a new study,scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns
on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water
as the U.S.Great Lakes.
Pictures of Europa,which is slightly smaller than Earth's moon,clearly show a tangled,icy mishmash
of lines and cracks known as"chaos terrains".These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For
more than 10 years,scientists have wondered what causes the formations.The new study suggests that they
arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface.
For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface,the news about
the new lake is exciting.
"It would be great if these lakes harbored life,"Britney Schmidt,a planetary scientist who worked on
the study,told Science News."But even if they didn't,they say that Europa is doing something interesting
and active right now."
Schmidt,a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin,and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos
terrains form.Since they couldn't rocket to Europa to see for themselves,they searched for similar forma-
tions here on Earth.They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland.
Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice.The scientists now suspect something
similar might be happening on Europa:that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift,the
surface fractures.This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.
"Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on
Earth,"Schmidt told Science News.She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains
to form quickly on Europa.
The new study suggests that on this moon,elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the
deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.
The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support environment.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
共用题干
第一篇
Common-Cold Sense
You can't beat it,but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name"common cold"because it's
more common in winter. The fact is,though,being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one.Colds
are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses（鼻病毒）,and,at least so far,medical science is better at telling
you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.
Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults,because they have more colds than
adults一an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their
parents?Simple.They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses.
There are more than 150 different cold viruses,and you never have the same one twice.Being infected
by one makes you immune to it一but only it.
Colds are usually spread by direct contact,not sneezing or coughing. From another person's hand to
your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route.The highest concentration of cold viruses
any where is found under the thumbnails of a boy,although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other
smooth surfaces.
Hygiene is your best defense.Wash your hands frequently,preferably with a disinfectant soap,
especially when children in your household have colds.
But even careful hygiene won't ward off every cold.So,what works when a coughing,sneezing,runny
nose strikes?
The old prescription of two aspirins,lots of water,and bed rest is a good place to start.But you'll also
find some of the folk remedies worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar(or honey),lemon,and water have real
benefits.
The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is________.
A:to keep yourself clean
B:to use a disinfectant soap
C:to take two aspirins every day
D:to drink lots of water
第一篇
Common-Cold Sense
You can't beat it,but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name"common cold"because it's
more common in winter. The fact is,though,being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one.Colds
are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses（鼻病毒）,and,at least so far,medical science is better at telling
you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.
Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults,because they have more colds than
adults一an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their
parents?Simple.They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses.
There are more than 150 different cold viruses,and you never have the same one twice.Being infected
by one makes you immune to it一but only it.
Colds are usually spread by direct contact,not sneezing or coughing. From another person's hand to
your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route.The highest concentration of cold viruses
any where is found under the thumbnails of a boy,although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other
smooth surfaces.
Hygiene is your best defense.Wash your hands frequently,preferably with a disinfectant soap,
especially when children in your household have colds.
But even careful hygiene won't ward off every cold.So,what works when a coughing,sneezing,runny
nose strikes?
The old prescription of two aspirins,lots of water,and bed rest is a good place to start.But you'll also
find some of the folk remedies worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar(or honey),lemon,and water have real
benefits.
The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is________.
A:to keep yourself clean
B:to use a disinfectant soap
C:to take two aspirins every day
D:to drink lots of water