共用题干
Energy and Public Lands
The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production,the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing （租赁）both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.
In 2000,32 percent of US oil,35 percent of natural gas,and 37 percent of coal were pro-duced from federal lands,representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undis-covered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.
Revenues from federal oil,gas,and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999,for example,$553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury,and non-India coal leases accounted for over$304 million in revenues,of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year , federal land managers authorize（许可）rights of way for transmission lines , rail systems , pipe-lines,and other facilities related to energy production and use.
Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy pro-duction , though the amount is still significant. For example , federal geothermal（地热）re-sources produce about 7. 5 billion kilowatt-hours（千瓦时）of electricity per year,47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on public lands in California alone,producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower （水电）facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.
Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with depend-ence on foreign off sources,pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming more intense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process.If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources,development restrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced,or mineral be banned altogether.
Geothermal resources,wind turbines,and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 are ci-ted as examples to illustrate that______.
A: alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy production
B: they are the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands
C: geothermal resources are more important than the other two
D: the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge
Energy and Public Lands
The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production,the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing （租赁）both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.
In 2000,32 percent of US oil,35 percent of natural gas,and 37 percent of coal were pro-duced from federal lands,representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undis-covered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.
Revenues from federal oil,gas,and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999,for example,$553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury,and non-India coal leases accounted for over$304 million in revenues,of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year , federal land managers authorize（许可）rights of way for transmission lines , rail systems , pipe-lines,and other facilities related to energy production and use.
Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy pro-duction , though the amount is still significant. For example , federal geothermal（地热）re-sources produce about 7. 5 billion kilowatt-hours（千瓦时）of electricity per year,47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on public lands in California alone,producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower （水电）facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.
Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with depend-ence on foreign off sources,pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming more intense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process.If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources,development restrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced,or mineral be banned altogether.
Geothermal resources,wind turbines,and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 are ci-ted as examples to illustrate that______.
A: alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy production
B: they are the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands
C: geothermal resources are more important than the other two
D: the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge
共用题干
Farmers' Markets
Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle. The 23-year-old British farmer and her 21-
year-old brother Ben are fighting to save the farm from developers that their father worked on
since he was 14._________(1)
"You don't often get a day off.Supermarkets put a lot of pressure on farmers to keep
prices down.With fewer people working on farms it can be isolating,"she said."There is
a high rate of suicide and farming will never make you rich!"
Oliver Robinson,25,grew up on a farm in Yorkshire._________(2)"I'm sure dad
hoped I'd stay,"he said. "I guess it's a nice,straightforward life,but it doesn't appeal.
For young,ambitious people,farm life would be a hard world."For Robinson,farming
doesn't offer much"in terms of money or lifestyle."Hollins agrees that economics stops
people from pursuing farming rewards:"providing for a vital human need,while working
outdoors with nature."
Farming is a big political issue in the UK._________(3)The 2001 foot and mouth
crisis closed thousands of farms,stopped meat exports,and raised public consciousness of
troubles in UK farming.
Jamie Oliver's 2005 campaign to get children to eat healthily also highlighted the issue.
This national concern spells（带来）hope for farmers competing with powerful supermarkets.
_________(4)
"I started going to Farmers' Markets in direct defiance（蔑视）of the big supermarkets.
_________(5)It's terrible,"said Londoner Michael Samson.
_________（1）
A:But he never considered staying on his father and grandfather's land.
B:While most people buy food from the big supermarkets,hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular.
C:While confident they will succeed,she lists farming's many challenges:
D:Young people prefer to live in cities.
E:I seriously objected to the super-sizing of everything一what exactly DO they put on our apples to make them so big and red?
F:"Buy British" campaigns urge（鼓励）consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
Farmers' Markets
Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle. The 23-year-old British farmer and her 21-
year-old brother Ben are fighting to save the farm from developers that their father worked on
since he was 14._________(1)
"You don't often get a day off.Supermarkets put a lot of pressure on farmers to keep
prices down.With fewer people working on farms it can be isolating,"she said."There is
a high rate of suicide and farming will never make you rich!"
Oliver Robinson,25,grew up on a farm in Yorkshire._________(2)"I'm sure dad
hoped I'd stay,"he said. "I guess it's a nice,straightforward life,but it doesn't appeal.
For young,ambitious people,farm life would be a hard world."For Robinson,farming
doesn't offer much"in terms of money or lifestyle."Hollins agrees that economics stops
people from pursuing farming rewards:"providing for a vital human need,while working
outdoors with nature."
Farming is a big political issue in the UK._________(3)The 2001 foot and mouth
crisis closed thousands of farms,stopped meat exports,and raised public consciousness of
troubles in UK farming.
Jamie Oliver's 2005 campaign to get children to eat healthily also highlighted the issue.
This national concern spells（带来）hope for farmers competing with powerful supermarkets.
_________(4)
"I started going to Farmers' Markets in direct defiance（蔑视）of the big supermarkets.
_________(5)It's terrible,"said Londoner Michael Samson.
_________（1）
A:But he never considered staying on his father and grandfather's land.
B:While most people buy food from the big supermarkets,hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular.
C:While confident they will succeed,she lists farming's many challenges:
D:Young people prefer to live in cities.
E:I seriously objected to the super-sizing of everything一what exactly DO they put on our apples to make them so big and red?
F:"Buy British" campaigns urge（鼓励）consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted“ joe ,Joe,Joe.”
A: repeated
B: jumped
C: maintained
D: approached
A: repeated
B: jumped
C: maintained
D: approached
共用题干
Local Newspapers in Britain
1. Britain has a large circulation（发行量）of the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day.On average,every family will buy one newspaper in the morning,and take two or three on Sundays.
2. Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain.Local papers have a week-ly circulation of 13 million .Nearly every town and country area has its own paper,and almost ev-ery local paper is financially holding its own.Many local newspapers are earning good profits.
3. Local newspapers have their special characteristics.They mainly satisfy interest in local e-vents-births,weddings,deaths,council meetings,and sports.Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well.Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news.Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news.If there is no room for it in this week's edition,a news item can be held over until the fol- lowing week.
4. The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends on ad-vertising.For this reason,he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen.If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news items to attract local readers,the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye.
5. Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance,and editors rarely take sides on political questions.But they can often provide service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues.A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport,provide better shopping facilities,and preserve local monuments and places of interest.
Paragraph 2______
A: Keeping Good Relations with Local Businessmen
B: Service Provided by Local Newspapers
C: Large Circulation of the National Newspapers
D: Special Features of Local Newspapers
E: Power of Local Newspapers
F: Popularity of Local Newspapers
Local Newspapers in Britain
1. Britain has a large circulation（发行量）of the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day.On average,every family will buy one newspaper in the morning,and take two or three on Sundays.
2. Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain.Local papers have a week-ly circulation of 13 million .Nearly every town and country area has its own paper,and almost ev-ery local paper is financially holding its own.Many local newspapers are earning good profits.
3. Local newspapers have their special characteristics.They mainly satisfy interest in local e-vents-births,weddings,deaths,council meetings,and sports.Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well.Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news.Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news.If there is no room for it in this week's edition,a news item can be held over until the fol- lowing week.
4. The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends on ad-vertising.For this reason,he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen.If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news items to attract local readers,the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye.
5. Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance,and editors rarely take sides on political questions.But they can often provide service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues.A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport,provide better shopping facilities,and preserve local monuments and places of interest.
Paragraph 2______
A: Keeping Good Relations with Local Businessmen
B: Service Provided by Local Newspapers
C: Large Circulation of the National Newspapers
D: Special Features of Local Newspapers
E: Power of Local Newspapers
F: Popularity of Local Newspapers
This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.
A: open
B: cruel
C: sudden
D: direct
A: open
B: cruel
C: sudden
D: direct
共用题干
Save Energy At Home
On the average,Americans waste as much energy as two-thirds of the world's
population consumes.That's largely the_________(1)of driving inefficient cars,using
inefficient appliances（设备）,and living and working in poorly insulated（隔热）buildings.
Then what can you do to_________(2)the situation?
Buy energy-efficientproducts一Buy new appliances or electronics of the highest
energy-efficiency rating.New energy-efficient models may cost more initially,but have a
lower operating ___________(3)over their lifetimes.The most energy-efficient models
___________(4)the Energy Star label,which identifies products___________(5)use
20 -40 percent less energy than standard new products. According to the EPA（美国环境
保护署）,the typical American household can save about $400 per year in___________(6)bills with products that carry the Energy Star.
Switch to compact fluorescent bulbs（荧光灯）一Change the three bulbs you use
___________(7)in your house to compact fluorescents.Each compact fluorescent bulb
will keep half a ton of CO2 out of the air___________(8)its lifetime.___________(9),
compact fluorescent bulbs last ten times as long and can save $30 per year in electricity
costs.
Set heating and cooling temperatures correctly一Check thermostats（温度自动调节
器）in your home to make sure they are___________(10)at a level that doesn't waste
energy.
Turn off the lights一Turn off lights and other electrical appliances such as televisions
and radios when you're not___________(11)them.Install automatic timers for lights that
people in your house frequently___________(12)to turn them off when leaving a room.
Let the sun shine in一The cheapest and most energy-efficient light and heat source is
often right outside your window. On___________(13) days, open blinds（百叶窗）to let
the sun light your home for free.Also remember that___________(14)entering a room
equals passive solar heating.Even on cold winter days,sun streaming into a room can
raise the temperature by several___________(15).
_________(10)
A:corrected
B:turned
C:set
D:reduced
Save Energy At Home
On the average,Americans waste as much energy as two-thirds of the world's
population consumes.That's largely the_________(1)of driving inefficient cars,using
inefficient appliances（设备）,and living and working in poorly insulated（隔热）buildings.
Then what can you do to_________(2)the situation?
Buy energy-efficientproducts一Buy new appliances or electronics of the highest
energy-efficiency rating.New energy-efficient models may cost more initially,but have a
lower operating ___________(3)over their lifetimes.The most energy-efficient models
___________(4)the Energy Star label,which identifies products___________(5)use
20 -40 percent less energy than standard new products. According to the EPA（美国环境
保护署）,the typical American household can save about $400 per year in___________(6)bills with products that carry the Energy Star.
Switch to compact fluorescent bulbs（荧光灯）一Change the three bulbs you use
___________(7)in your house to compact fluorescents.Each compact fluorescent bulb
will keep half a ton of CO2 out of the air___________(8)its lifetime.___________(9),
compact fluorescent bulbs last ten times as long and can save $30 per year in electricity
costs.
Set heating and cooling temperatures correctly一Check thermostats（温度自动调节
器）in your home to make sure they are___________(10)at a level that doesn't waste
energy.
Turn off the lights一Turn off lights and other electrical appliances such as televisions
and radios when you're not___________(11)them.Install automatic timers for lights that
people in your house frequently___________(12)to turn them off when leaving a room.
Let the sun shine in一The cheapest and most energy-efficient light and heat source is
often right outside your window. On___________(13) days, open blinds（百叶窗）to let
the sun light your home for free.Also remember that___________(14)entering a room
equals passive solar heating.Even on cold winter days,sun streaming into a room can
raise the temperature by several___________(15).
_________(10)
A:corrected
B:turned
C:set
D:reduced
共用题干
ADHD Linked to Air Pollutants
Children have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school,if their no-ses inhaled（吸入）a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs:the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health.In a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew（排放）PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe（探查）other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid．
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason:Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine years later,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9 .They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained（长期的）mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The sci-entists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mis-takes .All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.
Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood .Others had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9 .The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
ADHD Linked to Air Pollutants
Children have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school,if their no-ses inhaled（吸入）a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs:the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health.In a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew（排放）PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe（探查）other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid．
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason:Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine years later,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9 .They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained（长期的）mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The sci-entists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mis-takes .All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.
Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood .Others had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9 .The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
共用题干
Animal's"Sixth Sense"
A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December,2004.
It killed tens of thou-
sands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals,______________(51),seem to have escaped that terrible
tsunami.This phenomenon adds weight to notions that they possess a"sixth sense"for______________(52),cx-
perts said.
Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian
Ocean island's coast clearly______________(53)wild beasts,with no dead animals found.
"No elephants are dead,not______________(54)a dead rabbit.I think animals can______________(55)
disaster.They have a sixth sense.They know when things are happening."H.D.Ratnayake,deputy director
of Sri Lanka's Wildlife Department,said about one month after the tsunami attack.The______________(56)
washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast,Sri Lanka's biggest
wildlife______________(57)and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.
"There has been a lot of______________(58)evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before vol-
came eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proven,"said Matthew van Lierop an animal behavior
______________(59)at Johannesburg Zoo.
"There have been no______________(60)studies because you can't really test it in a lab or field set-
ting,"he told Reuters.Other authorities concurred with this______________(61).
"Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain______________(62),especially birds…there are many re-
ports of birds detecting impending disasters."said Clive Walker,who has written several books on African
wildlife.
Animals_______________(63)rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as
predators.
The notion of an animal"sixth sense”-or_______________(64)other mythical power一is an enduring one
which the evidence on Sri Lanka's ravaged coast is likely to add to.
The Romans saw owls______________(65)omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed
elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.
_________(55)
A:feel
B:see
C:hear
D:sense
Animal's"Sixth Sense"
A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December,2004.
It killed tens of thou-
sands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals,______________(51),seem to have escaped that terrible
tsunami.This phenomenon adds weight to notions that they possess a"sixth sense"for______________(52),cx-
perts said.
Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian
Ocean island's coast clearly______________(53)wild beasts,with no dead animals found.
"No elephants are dead,not______________(54)a dead rabbit.I think animals can______________(55)
disaster.They have a sixth sense.They know when things are happening."H.D.Ratnayake,deputy director
of Sri Lanka's Wildlife Department,said about one month after the tsunami attack.The______________(56)
washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast,Sri Lanka's biggest
wildlife______________(57)and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.
"There has been a lot of______________(58)evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before vol-
came eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proven,"said Matthew van Lierop an animal behavior
______________(59)at Johannesburg Zoo.
"There have been no______________(60)studies because you can't really test it in a lab or field set-
ting,"he told Reuters.Other authorities concurred with this______________(61).
"Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain______________(62),especially birds…there are many re-
ports of birds detecting impending disasters."said Clive Walker,who has written several books on African
wildlife.
Animals_______________(63)rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as
predators.
The notion of an animal"sixth sense”-or_______________(64)other mythical power一is an enduring one
which the evidence on Sri Lanka's ravaged coast is likely to add to.
The Romans saw owls______________(65)omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed
elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.
_________(55)
A:feel
B:see
C:hear
D:sense
共用题干
Ecosystem
1. The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological（生态的）system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms（生物）such as plants,animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes,we are all members of an ecosystem!
2 .There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environ-ment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest.Some are man-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation（同居）between living and non-living things in a monitored environment,such as a zoo or garden.
3 .Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem,and that's because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow,the plants and its fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals,microorganisms（微生物）and even hu- mans,of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function,and this hap-pens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
4 .Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things.We depend on plants and ani-mals for food. In order for us to exist,we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plants,animals and humans are all of various species（物种）,we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
5 .To preserve our ecosystems,we should stop using too much energy,which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat（栖息地）of plants and animals,and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to con-tinue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement（搬迁）: imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse,overpopulation can also ru- in the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.
Paragraph 2_________
A: What Can We Do to Help Protect Ecosystems?
B: What Are Different types of Ecosystems?
C: What Is an Ecosystem?
D: What Destroys Ecosystems?
E: How Does an Ecosystem Work?
F: Why Are Ecosystems Emportant?
Ecosystem
1. The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological（生态的）system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms（生物）such as plants,animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes,we are all members of an ecosystem!
2 .There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environ-ment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest.Some are man-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation（同居）between living and non-living things in a monitored environment,such as a zoo or garden.
3 .Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem,and that's because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow,the plants and its fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals,microorganisms（微生物）and even hu- mans,of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function,and this hap-pens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
4 .Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things.We depend on plants and ani-mals for food. In order for us to exist,we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plants,animals and humans are all of various species（物种）,we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
5 .To preserve our ecosystems,we should stop using too much energy,which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat（栖息地）of plants and animals,and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to con-tinue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement（搬迁）: imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse,overpopulation can also ru- in the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.
Paragraph 2_________
A: What Can We Do to Help Protect Ecosystems?
B: What Are Different types of Ecosystems?
C: What Is an Ecosystem?
D: What Destroys Ecosystems?
E: How Does an Ecosystem Work?
F: Why Are Ecosystems Emportant?
共用题干
The Value of Motherhood
In shopping malls,the assistants try to push you into buying“a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”.When you log onto a website,a small popo-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.
______(1)The popularity of Mother's Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact,she got more一enough to make her horrified.
______(2)They buy,among other things,132 million cards. Mother's Day is the No. 1 holiday for flower purchases.Then there are the various commodities,ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder,that take advantage of the promotion opportu- nities.Because of this,Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother's Day. One protest against the commercialization of Mother's Day even got her arrested一for distur- bing the peace,interestingly.
______(3)As Ralph Fevre,a reporter at the UK newspaper The Guardian,observe, traditionally“motherhood is something that we do because we think it's right.”But in the logic of commercialism,people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A ca- reer serves this purpose better.
______(4)So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother,however,inevitably handicaps career anticipation.
______(5)According to The Guardian,there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or,they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.
So,Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother's Day needs to be updated:“It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”
______(1)
A: The American version of Mother's Day was thought up as early as 1905,by Anna Jarvis,as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.
B: But what's more,commercialism changes young people's attitude towards mother-hood.
C: Obviously,the best gift will be a phone call or a visit.
D: According to a research by the US card company Hallmark,96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.
E: As a result,motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.
F: In addition,women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.
The Value of Motherhood
In shopping malls,the assistants try to push you into buying“a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”.When you log onto a website,a small popo-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.
______(1)The popularity of Mother's Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact,she got more一enough to make her horrified.
______(2)They buy,among other things,132 million cards. Mother's Day is the No. 1 holiday for flower purchases.Then there are the various commodities,ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder,that take advantage of the promotion opportu- nities.Because of this,Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother's Day. One protest against the commercialization of Mother's Day even got her arrested一for distur- bing the peace,interestingly.
______(3)As Ralph Fevre,a reporter at the UK newspaper The Guardian,observe, traditionally“motherhood is something that we do because we think it's right.”But in the logic of commercialism,people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A ca- reer serves this purpose better.
______(4)So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother,however,inevitably handicaps career anticipation.
______(5)According to The Guardian,there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or,they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.
So,Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother's Day needs to be updated:“It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”
______(1)
A: The American version of Mother's Day was thought up as early as 1905,by Anna Jarvis,as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.
B: But what's more,commercialism changes young people's attitude towards mother-hood.
C: Obviously,the best gift will be a phone call or a visit.
D: According to a research by the US card company Hallmark,96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.
E: As a result,motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.
F: In addition,women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.
共用题干
The Northern Lights
The Sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check!Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma,and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Sun,the stronger the solar wind.
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth,but don't worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet.The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles.The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field,the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.
The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall to the Earth,they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere,creating flashes of light in the sky. Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky,they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.
Watching auroras is fun and exciting,but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate,flicker,or even move like waves.During solar maximum,auroras are seen as far south as Florida,even Mexico!
Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground,but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground,a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long,a few hundred kilometers high,but only a few hundred meters thick.
We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!
The auroras are formed when the electrons falling into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles and colliding with gas molecules in the atmosphere.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
The Northern Lights
The Sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check!Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma,and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Sun,the stronger the solar wind.
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth,but don't worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet.The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles.The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field,the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.
The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall to the Earth,they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere,creating flashes of light in the sky. Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky,they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.
Watching auroras is fun and exciting,but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate,flicker,or even move like waves.During solar maximum,auroras are seen as far south as Florida,even Mexico!
Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground,but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground,a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long,a few hundred kilometers high,but only a few hundred meters thick.
We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!
The auroras are formed when the electrons falling into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles and colliding with gas molecules in the atmosphere.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
共用题干
By the year 1927,Dr. Andrew Manson had a reputation.His practice of medicine was not large,but all his patients had the greatest confidence in him.He(51)______gave medicines, but when he did so,he gave the newest,best,and often the most(52)______medicines on the market.By his use of modern medicines,Manson once prevented a serious disease from(53)______in his town,although the rest of the town suffered badly.
The committee of the Medical Society ought to have been thankful to Manson,but a few of its members,led by Chenkin,were(54)______of his success.Though Manson had many friends, he also had(55)______.
Andrew sometimes asked himself why he and Christine had remained in Manchester after the death of their child.His coal dust experiments were his only(56)______for staying,he could not leave the mines till he had completed his experiments.
He now had a great deal of information about the(57)______of coal bust on the miners' lungs.But,in order to(58)______his facts,he decided to make a few experiments on small animals,to study the action of the dust on their lungs.Here,his real problem began.Taking care to cause the animals as little(59)______as possible;Andrew made some extremely(60) ______experiments,which proved all his beliefs.He felt proud and excited.But then,a few days later,he had a(61)______.
When Andrew returned home from work,he found Christine looking( 62)______."What's the matter?"he asked her. She hesitated,"I had some visitors today.""Oh?Who were they?""Five members of the committee,including Chenkin.They had heard about your experiments on the animals,and wanted to see your(63)_____.I told them that you were not at home,but they pushed me out and went into the room.When they saw the animals,one of the men shouted,"Oh, the poor creatures!"I tried to tell them that the animals had not suffered,but they(64)______to listen.They took the animals with them."
"What!"Andrew shouted.He thought for a minute,and then went into the hall to use the phone.But,just as he reached it,the phone bell rang."Hello!"he said angrily.Then his(65) ______changed.It was Owen."Look here,Owen.""I know,I know."Owen interrupted." This is a bad business.I'll come to see you now."Owen came.Before Andrew could speak,he said,"Did you get permission?"Andrew looked at him in surprise,"Permission for what?""To experiment on animals."
"Good Heavens,no!I never thought about it!""I'm afraid there will be trouble,"Owen said. "Some members of the committee feel very bitter against you.But don't worry,everything will be ok in the end."
_________(59)
A:pain
B:trouble
C:destruction
D:damage
By the year 1927,Dr. Andrew Manson had a reputation.His practice of medicine was not large,but all his patients had the greatest confidence in him.He(51)______gave medicines, but when he did so,he gave the newest,best,and often the most(52)______medicines on the market.By his use of modern medicines,Manson once prevented a serious disease from(53)______in his town,although the rest of the town suffered badly.
The committee of the Medical Society ought to have been thankful to Manson,but a few of its members,led by Chenkin,were(54)______of his success.Though Manson had many friends, he also had(55)______.
Andrew sometimes asked himself why he and Christine had remained in Manchester after the death of their child.His coal dust experiments were his only(56)______for staying,he could not leave the mines till he had completed his experiments.
He now had a great deal of information about the(57)______of coal bust on the miners' lungs.But,in order to(58)______his facts,he decided to make a few experiments on small animals,to study the action of the dust on their lungs.Here,his real problem began.Taking care to cause the animals as little(59)______as possible;Andrew made some extremely(60) ______experiments,which proved all his beliefs.He felt proud and excited.But then,a few days later,he had a(61)______.
When Andrew returned home from work,he found Christine looking( 62)______."What's the matter?"he asked her. She hesitated,"I had some visitors today.""Oh?Who were they?""Five members of the committee,including Chenkin.They had heard about your experiments on the animals,and wanted to see your(63)_____.I told them that you were not at home,but they pushed me out and went into the room.When they saw the animals,one of the men shouted,"Oh, the poor creatures!"I tried to tell them that the animals had not suffered,but they(64)______to listen.They took the animals with them."
"What!"Andrew shouted.He thought for a minute,and then went into the hall to use the phone.But,just as he reached it,the phone bell rang."Hello!"he said angrily.Then his(65) ______changed.It was Owen."Look here,Owen.""I know,I know."Owen interrupted." This is a bad business.I'll come to see you now."Owen came.Before Andrew could speak,he said,"Did you get permission?"Andrew looked at him in surprise,"Permission for what?""To experiment on animals."
"Good Heavens,no!I never thought about it!""I'm afraid there will be trouble,"Owen said. "Some members of the committee feel very bitter against you.But don't worry,everything will be ok in the end."
_________(59)
A:pain
B:trouble
C:destruction
D:damage
共用题干
Influenza（流感）
Influenza has been with us a long time.According to some Greek writers_________(51)medical history,
the outbreak of 412 B.C.was of influenza. The same has been suggested of the sickness_________(52)swept
through the Greek army attacking Syracuse in 395 B.C.Influenza is a disease that moves most quickly among
people living in_________(53)conditions,hence,it is likely to attack armies.
__________(54)the nineteenth century there were five widespread outbreaks of influenza. The last of the
five________（55)in 1889 and marked the beginning of the story of influenza in our time.________(56)
the recent outbreak,it started in Asia.
For more than forty years before that outbreak,influenza had steadily_______(57)and was believed
to be dying out.A new group of outbreaks was_________(58)by the great outbreak of 1889-1890 and for the
next quarter of a century influenza remained a constant threat.
In April 1918 influenza broke out among American troops stationed in France.It quickly spread through
all the___________(59)but caused relatively few deaths.Four months later,however,a second outbreak started
which__________(60)to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also healthy young adults.
It________(61)through every country in the world,only a few distant islands in the South Atlantic and the
Pacific remaining_________(62).It brought the life of whole countries to stop,food_________(63)stopped
and work loss was very great.Before the great outbreak ended,it had killed at_______(64)15 million
people.Thereafter,there have been several great outbreaks throughout the world.It is thus__________(65)
that influenza is a terrible infection that we have to pay more attention to.
_________(52)
A:where
B:why
C:who
D:that
Influenza（流感）
Influenza has been with us a long time.According to some Greek writers_________(51)medical history,
the outbreak of 412 B.C.was of influenza. The same has been suggested of the sickness_________(52)swept
through the Greek army attacking Syracuse in 395 B.C.Influenza is a disease that moves most quickly among
people living in_________(53)conditions,hence,it is likely to attack armies.
__________(54)the nineteenth century there were five widespread outbreaks of influenza. The last of the
five________（55)in 1889 and marked the beginning of the story of influenza in our time.________(56)
the recent outbreak,it started in Asia.
For more than forty years before that outbreak,influenza had steadily_______(57)and was believed
to be dying out.A new group of outbreaks was_________(58)by the great outbreak of 1889-1890 and for the
next quarter of a century influenza remained a constant threat.
In April 1918 influenza broke out among American troops stationed in France.It quickly spread through
all the___________(59)but caused relatively few deaths.Four months later,however,a second outbreak started
which__________(60)to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also healthy young adults.
It________(61)through every country in the world,only a few distant islands in the South Atlantic and the
Pacific remaining_________(62).It brought the life of whole countries to stop,food_________(63)stopped
and work loss was very great.Before the great outbreak ended,it had killed at_______(64)15 million
people.Thereafter,there have been several great outbreaks throughout the world.It is thus__________(65)
that influenza is a terrible infection that we have to pay more attention to.
_________(52)
A:where
B:why
C:who
D:that
共用题干
Better Solar Energy Systems:More Heat,More Light
Solar photovoltaic（光电的）thermal energy systems , or PVTs , generate both heat and electricity , but
_________ (51)now they haven't been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone
solar thermal collector. That ' s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon（晶体硅）
solar cells, _______(52)lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn't a very efficient way to gather
heat.
That's a problem of economics.Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a
solar一electric system at a substantially lower _________(53).And it's also a space problem:photovoltaic
cells can
_________(54)up all the space on the roof,leaving little room for thermal applications.
In a pair of studies,Joshua Pearce,an associate professor of materials science and engineering,has de-
vised a_________(55)in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon.
Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon,but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous
（非晶形的）silicon , commonly known
________( 56 ) thin-film silicon. They don ' t create as much elec-
tricity,but they are lighter,flexible,and cheaper. And,because they________(57)much less silicon,they
have a greener footprint._________(58),thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad一news
physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.
"That means that their efficiency drops when you_________(59)them to light一pretty much the worst
possible effect for a solar cell,"Pearce explains,which is one of the__________(60)thin-film solar panels
make up only a small fraction of the market.
However,Pearce and his team found a_______(61)to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by
incorporating thin-film silicon in a new________(62)of PVT. You don't have to cool down thin-film sili-
con to make it work.In fact,Pearce's group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating tempera-
tures,near the boiling_________(63)of water,they could make thicker cells that largely_________(64)
the Staebler-Wronski effect.When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector,
they also found that by baking the cell once a day,they_________(65)the solar cell's electrical efficiency
by over 10 percent.
_________(65)
A:defined
B:wasted
C:lowered
D:boosted
Better Solar Energy Systems:More Heat,More Light
Solar photovoltaic（光电的）thermal energy systems , or PVTs , generate both heat and electricity , but
_________ (51)now they haven't been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone
solar thermal collector. That ' s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon（晶体硅）
solar cells, _______(52)lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn't a very efficient way to gather
heat.
That's a problem of economics.Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a
solar一electric system at a substantially lower _________(53).And it's also a space problem:photovoltaic
cells can
_________(54)up all the space on the roof,leaving little room for thermal applications.
In a pair of studies,Joshua Pearce,an associate professor of materials science and engineering,has de-
vised a_________(55)in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon.
Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon,but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous
（非晶形的）silicon , commonly known
________( 56 ) thin-film silicon. They don ' t create as much elec-
tricity,but they are lighter,flexible,and cheaper. And,because they________(57)much less silicon,they
have a greener footprint._________(58),thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad一news
physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.
"That means that their efficiency drops when you_________(59)them to light一pretty much the worst
possible effect for a solar cell,"Pearce explains,which is one of the__________(60)thin-film solar panels
make up only a small fraction of the market.
However,Pearce and his team found a_______(61)to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by
incorporating thin-film silicon in a new________(62)of PVT. You don't have to cool down thin-film sili-
con to make it work.In fact,Pearce's group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating tempera-
tures,near the boiling_________(63)of water,they could make thicker cells that largely_________(64)
the Staebler-Wronski effect.When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector,
they also found that by baking the cell once a day,they_________(65)the solar cell's electrical efficiency
by over 10 percent.
_________(65)
A:defined
B:wasted
C:lowered
D:boosted
共用题干
U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars
NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.
Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.
“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”
The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.
The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.
“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”
Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.
The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.
“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.
A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.
“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist for
Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”
Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?
A: Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.
B: Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.
C: Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.
D: Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.
U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars
NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.
Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.
“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”
The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.
The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.
“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”
Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.
The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.
“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.
A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.
“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist for
Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”
Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?
A: Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.
B: Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.
C: Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.
D: Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.